Orbital Arteriovenous Malformations (AVM): A Review

Orbital arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are identified by abnormal high-flow connections between the veins and arteries, which often supplied branches of internal external carotid also with a nidus cellular stroma distributed vessels. rare among all congenital malformations. Pain, glaucoma, optic nerve ischemia compression retinal some causes enlarging orbital AVMs. Because nature these lesions, they usually misdiagnosed treated improperly. For diagnosis such AVMs, angiography becomes an essential tool. The primary method diagnosing AV non-invasive cross-sectional imaging catheter angiography. Treatment for same includes reducing blood flow to malformation via preoperative embolization. And surgical resection. Complete excision is challenging because increased risk involvement ophthalmic artery can cause vision loss, embolization difficult in patients. An effective way treating ethanol sclerotherapy. Diagnosing managing important as permanent loss.